FastAPI for AI Engineers: Production Patterns That Actually Ship
How to build FastAPI services that survive contact with GPU workloads, long inference calls, and real users. Patterns, anti-patterns, and production code.
Api-Design
Implementing Idempotency Keys in Payment APIs: Architecture, Patterns, and Reliable Distributed Systems
A deep dive into idempotency keys for payment APIs, covering architecture, common patterns, failure handling, and real‑world implementation details.
Implementing Idempotency Keys in Payment APIs: Designing for Consistency and Preventing Duplicate Transactions
A practical guide to implementing idempotency keys in payment services, with architecture diagrams, code snippets, and real‑world patterns.
A Deep Dive into OAuth 2.0: Concepts, Flows, and Real‑World Implementations
Introduction In the era of distributed systems, single sign‑on (SSO) and delegated access have become essential building blocks for modern applications. Whether you are exposing a public API, building a mobile app, or integrating with third‑party services like Google, GitHub, or Salesforce, you need a reliable, standardized way to let users grant limited access to their resources without sharing credentials. OAuth 2.0—the second version of the OAuth (Open Authorization) framework—has emerged as the de‑facto standard for this problem. Since its publication as RFC 6749 in 2012, OAuth 2.0 has been adopted by virtually every major platform and countless open‑source libraries. Yet, despite its ubiquity, the protocol is often misunderstood, mis‑implemented, or used without an appreciation for its security nuances. ...
Understanding OAuth Refresh Tokens: Theory, Implementation, and Best Practices
Table of Contents Introduction OAuth 2.0 Overview Why Access Tokens Expire Refresh Token Basics Grant Types that Issue Refresh Tokens Security Considerations Token Lifecycle Diagram Implementing Refresh Tokens in Popular Stacks 8.1 Node.js / Express 8.2 Python / FastAPI 8.3 Java / Spring Security Revocation and Rotation Strategies Common Pitfalls & Debugging Tips Testing the Refresh Flow 12 Best‑Practice Checklist Conclusion Resources Introduction In modern web and mobile ecosystems, OAuth 2.0 has become the de‑facto standard for delegated authorization. While the access token is the workhorse that grants a client permission to act on behalf of a user, the refresh token is the unsung hero that enables long‑running sessions without repeatedly prompting the user for credentials. ...