Database Indexes Internally: A Deep Dive into Data Structures and Operations

Introduction Database indexes are essential for optimizing query performance in relational databases, acting as lookup tables that dramatically reduce data retrieval times from full table scans to targeted searches.[1][2] Internally, they rely on sophisticated data structures like B-trees and B+ trees to organize keys and pointers efficiently, minimizing disk I/O operations which are often the primary bottleneck in database systems.[3][5] This article explores how indexes work under the hood, from creation and structure to query execution, maintenance, and trade-offs, providing developers and DBAs with the depth needed to design effective indexing strategies. ...

December 13, 2025 · 5 min · 1002 words · martinuke0

Redis Zero to Hero: Complete Guide to Mastering Redis for Modern System Design

Table of Contents Introduction to Redis Getting Started with Redis Redis Data Structures Deep Dive Advanced Redis Features Persistence and High Availability Performance Optimization Redis in System Design Resources Conclusion Introduction to Redis Redis (Remote Dictionary Server) is an open-source, in-memory data structure store that has revolutionized how we think about data caching and real-time applications. Originally created by Salvatore Sanfilippo in 2009, Redis has evolved from a simple key-value store to a comprehensive data platform supporting multiple data structures, pub/sub messaging, streaming, and more. ...

December 4, 2025 · 11 min · 2184 words · martinuke0
Feedback