Functional-Programming

Erlang shell and process diagram illustrating the actor model

Mastering Erlang's Actor Model: Concurrency Patterns in Modern Runtimes

A deep dive into Erlang’s actor model fundamentals, its evolution in modern runtimes, and concrete patterns for building fault-tolerant concurrent systems.

A stylized diagram of types interlocking like puzzle pieces, representing verification.

How Idris Uses Types to Verify Program Logic

Idris’s dependent type system lets developers embed logical specifications directly in types, enabling compile‑time verification of program behavior.

Diagram of stacked monad transformers versus a single effect handler.

Why Algebraic Effects Replace the Need for Monad Transformers

This article explains how algebraic effects work, why they avoid the boilerplate of monad transformers, and how teams can transition existing codebases.

Illustration of abstract effect bubbles flowing into a handler container.

Decoupling Program Logic with Algebraic Effects and Handlers

Algebraic effects and handlers provide a principled way to decouple program logic from effectful operations, improving modularity and testability.

A diagram of nested type boxes representing type constructors and higher‑kinded types.

The Gap Between Type Constructors and Higher‑Kinded Types

Explore the technical and practical reasons behind the missing higher‑kinded types in languages that provide type constructors, and learn how developers can bridge the gap.